Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)

05/22/2024
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Key Information

  • Disease: RSV is a major cause of lower respiratory illness, particularly among infants, young children, and older adults.
  • Outbreak Season: RSV outbreaks in Canada typically occur from late fall to early spring.
  • Infection: Almost all infants are infected by 2 years of age, with reinfections being common but usually milder.
  • Prevention: The monoclonal antibodies and vaccines are used for temporary passive protection.

Recommendations for Use

  • PVZ Use:
    • Infants born at less than 30 weeks gestational age and less than 6 months old at the onset of the RSV season.
    • Children under 24 months with chronic lung disease of prematurity needing oxygen therapy.
    • Infants under 12 months with significant congenital heart disease.
    • Infants under 36 weeks gestational age in remote northern Inuit communities needing air transport for hospitalization.

Preparations Authorized for Use in Canada

  • Monoclonal Antibodies:
  • RSV Vaccines:
    • AREXVY (recombinant, AS01E adjuvanted vaccine) - GlaxoSmithKline Inc. Authorized for the prevention of lower respiratory tract disease caused by RSV in adults 60 years of age and older. NACI is currently reviewing the use of Arexvy in older adults.
    • ABRYSVO™ (RSV prefusion F subunit vaccine) - Pfizer Canada.
      • Authorized for active immunization of pregnant individuals from 32 through 36 weeks gestational age for the prevention of lower respiratory tract disease (LRTD) and severe LRTD caused by RSV in infants from birth through 6 months of age.
      • Authorized for the prevention of LRTD caused by RSV in individuals 60 years of age and older by active immunization.
      • NACI is currently reviewing the use of ABRYSVO™ in adults 60 years of age and older.

Safety and Adverse Events

  • Common Reactions: Injection site reactions, fever, nervousness, cough, rhinitis, and diarrhea.
  • Rare Reactions: Serious hypersensitivity reactions, anaphylaxis.
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