Diphtheria Toxoid

Key Information

• Diphtheria Overview: Rare in Canada, more common in developing countries. Case-fatality rate is 5-10%, highest in very young, elderly, and those in non-endemic areas due to late diagnosis.
• Vaccines: Diphtheria toxoid-containing vaccines are available only in combination with other vaccines. Post-exposure immunization is available for susceptible persons. Diphtheria antitoxin is available for emergency treatment.

Vaccination Recommendations

• Routine Immunization:
• Infants and Children: DTaP-IPV-Hib at 2, 4, 6, and 12-23 months. Booster doses at 4-6 years and 14-16 years.
• Adults: Tdap once in adulthood, then Td every 10 years.
• Special Populations:
• Immunocompromised, individuals with chronic diseases, travelers to endemic areas, and residents in health care institutions should be vaccinated as per the recommended schedule.
• Post-Exposure: Close contacts of diphtheria cases should receive a diphtheria toxoid-containing vaccine unless fully immunized within the past 10 years.

Authorized Vaccines in Canada

• Combination Vaccines:
• ADACEL®, ADACEL®-POLIO, BOOSTRIX®, BOOSTRIX®-POLIO, INFANRIX®-IPV/Hib, INFANRIX hexa™, PEDIACEL®, QUADRACEL®, Td ADSORBED.
• Diphtheria Antitoxin: Available for emergency treatment through local public health officials.

Administration and Storage

• Dose: 0.5 mL, administered intramuscularly.
• Storage: Store at 2°C to 8°C, do not freeze.

Adverse Reactions

• Common: Redness, swelling, pain at the injection site, fever, irritability, drowsiness.
• Severe: Rare cases of anaphylaxis, serum sickness, and Arthus-type reactions.